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The Animal Spirit Doctrine and the Origins of Neurophysiology β€” C.U.M. Smith

The Animal Spirit Doctrine and the Origins of Neurophysiology

by C.U.M. Smith

293 pages

About This Book

This book examines the history of Western attempts to explain how messages might be sent from the sense organs to the brain and from the brain to the muscles. It focuses on a construct called animal spirit, which would permeate philosophy and guide physiology and medicine for over two millennia.

More by C.U.M. Smith

Reading Time Estimates

7h 28m

slow reader

180 WPM

5h 22m

average reader

250 WPM

3h 50m

fast reader

350 WPM

πŸ“– 80,575 wordsπŸ“… 11 days at 30 min/day

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WPM

Reading time

5 h 22 min

at 250 words per minute

Audiobook (1.5x)

5 h 58 min

at 1.5x narration speed

Audio 1x

8 h 57 min

Audio 2x

4 h 29 min

That's about:

  • πŸ“…11 daysΒ reading 30 min/day
  • πŸš‡11 commutesΒ of 30 min each

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